Quick Answer
A ganglion cyst is a benign fluid-filled lump that arises around a joint or tendon sheath. It may change size, disappear and recur. It is not cancer, and many ganglions can simply be observed.
Symptoms
- A round lump on the wrist or finger
- Size that changes with activity
- Occasional pain, tenderness or restricted motion
- Rarely, tingling or weakness from pressure on a nearby nerve
Diagnosis
Typical ganglions can often be diagnosed by examination. X-rays do not show the cyst itself but may help exclude arthritis or bone pathology. Ultrasound or MRI can be useful for occult or atypical masses.
Treatment
Observation
Painless or minimally symptomatic cysts can be safely observed, and some disappear spontaneously.
Aspiration
Some dorsal wrist ganglions can be drained with a needle, but recurrence is common because the connection to the joint remains. Volar wrist ganglions require extra care because of nearby nerves and blood vessels.
Surgery
Excision may be considered for persistent pain, functional limitation or recurrent troublesome cysts. Recurrence remains possible even after surgery.
Frequently Asked Questions
Should I try to burst a ganglion myself?
No. Crushing or puncturing it at home can cause infection or injury to nearby structures.
Can a ganglion become cancer?
Typical ganglion cysts are benign. A rapidly growing, firm or atypical mass should still be medically assessed.
Sources
Evidence sources checked: 7 August 2026.
This page is for general patient education and does not replace an individual medical examination or treatment plan.