Quick Answer
Tennis elbow is a painful condition around the common extensor tendon at the outer elbow. It is not limited to tennis players. Gripping, wrist extension and repetitive hand/forearm loading can aggravate symptoms. Most cases do not require surgery.
Symptoms
- Pain/tenderness over the outer elbow
- Pain with gripping, twisting, lifting or shaking hands
- Pain that can extend into the forearm
- Reduced performance with forceful grip
Diagnosis
Diagnosis is usually clinical. X-rays or MRI are not required routinely but can be used if trauma, arthritis, nerve compression or another diagnosis is suspected.
Treatment
Temporary load modification is useful, but prolonged complete rest is usually not the goal. The AAOS 2024 therapeutic exercise program emphasizes progressive flexibility, endurance and strengthening of the forearm muscles. A brace and short-term pain-management strategies may help selected patients.
Injections and Surgery
Injection options have different short- and long-term evidence, and potential risks should be discussed. Surgery is reserved for a small group with substantial persistent disability despite a well-performed period of nonsurgical care.
Frequently Asked Questions
Should I completely rest the arm?
Usually not for a prolonged period. Aggravating loads are modified while movement and progressive strengthening continue.
Can I get tennis elbow without playing tennis?
Yes. Many work and recreational activities that require repetitive gripping or forearm loading can provoke symptoms.
Sources
- AAOS/ASES — 2024 Therapeutic Exercise Program for Epicondylitis
- NHS — Tennis Elbow patient information
Evidence sources checked: 7 August 2026.
This page is for general patient education and does not replace an individual medical examination or treatment plan.